Can I upgrade from macOS Catalina to macOS Sonoma?

it depends on your Mac's model and year. use Apple Menu > About This Mac and tell us what it says.

Upgrading a macOS depends upon the model Mac, specifications, and year. To get more information about your computer, choose:  (Apple menu) > 'About This Mac' in the upper left corner of any window, then "More Info..." or "System Report". There's more about this in "About System Information [Profiler] on your Mac" - System Information User Guide for Mac - Apple Support

Use the computer information, including the model year, and the links below to determine what is possible with your computer.

Click on this link to read how to get different versions of macOS --> How to download and install macOS - Apple Support

- This article has links to system requirements for each OS version which you should check against your exact computer model —> https://support.apple.com/108382. This web site also has a reliable presentation of model and OS version compatibility: https://eshop.macsales.com/guides/Mac_OS_X_Compatibility

- With an old computer it may help to have more RAM (memory) than what is noted as "minimum" for any particular system or your computer may run slowly.

- You may find you must use Safari to get links for High Sierra and later using the Mac App Store application to open to a functioning page.

- Sierra, El Capitan, and Yosemite download as a .pkg. Click on this to have a converted version placed in your Applications folder as an "Install OS..." application. Run the installer and follow the directions.

- Upgrades may take some time (up to an hour or more) to install, with restarts and blank screens.

- If you encounter download problems it may help to download while in Safe Mode Start up your Mac in safe mode - Apple Support

Before upgrading, back up at least your data in case something goes wrong. See this support document: How to back up your Mac - How to back up your Mac - Official Apple Support

Check if your old apps will still work with with the OS you want to install - https://roaringapps.com/apps This is particularly critical if you are upgrading to Catalina or newer, as older 32 bit apps will no longer work. To check for those, try this 32 bit application scanner application --> https://www.stclairsoft.com/Go64/