my phone was stolen

That depends on whether you have insurance, and with whom you might have it.

There can also sometimes be coverage through a credit card purchase, but that too varies.

Apple offers loss coverage for some purchases, but not everybody opts to pay for that.

Which insurance would that be? Your homeowners insurance? You'll need to talk to your agent. AppleCare+ with Loss and Theft coverage has a deductible. Do you have Applecare+ on your iPhone?