I have a MacBook Pro with OSX Yosemite version 10.10.5. Can I up date this with any newer version?

That will depend on the exact model of Mac you have, not the OS it is running.

However, if it's running 10.10.5 it can at least update to 10.11 El Capitan.

See here for Catalina Requirements: macOS Catalina - Technical Specifications

Mid 2012 or newer MacBook Pro

I tested all recent versions of MacOS on a MacBook Pro running Yosemite (10.10), and

finally the version which was not causing too many applications to fail or too many

use problems was:

High Sierra (10.12)

You can check if your MacBook Pro will run it without problem here:

https://support.apple.com/kb/SP765

You can dowload it here: http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-39476-20191023-48f365f4-0015-4c41-9f44-39d3d2aca067/InstallOS.dmg

Due to the problems I got when testing Catalina and Big Sur, I advise you to make,

before testing any upgrade of MacOS, a serious backup, and even verify it.

For example, Carbon Copy Cloner: https://bombich.com

will let you make a bootable copy of your running system and this is a huge time saving

when you come to check any MacOS upgrade: you can boot immediately your copy and check everything

is working as it should.

My personnal experience is that among the most recent versions of MacOS, High Sierra is one of the

best in term of overall quality, real improvments and not too many changes in user experience.

See: How to get old versions of macOS - Apple Support