CD imported with Apple Music on Mac Big Sur won't sync to iPhone 11 Pro iOS 14.8 using Finder

Using the instructions in https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT210611 mentioned in other posts, I was able to connect and find the iPhone in Finder. I then selected the Artist tab and checked the ones to sync and clicked apply. The sync I selected included everything I already had on the iPhone (almost all CDs I've uploaded with iTunes over the years) and the one new CD I just imported with Apple Music.

The sync appeared to work but the new CD didn't appear on the iPhone after the sync finished. Then I went back to the Album tab and I saw that the new Album was not checked so I checked it there, although it shouldn't have been necessary. I clicked Sync again and it quickly finished, but the Album was not transferred to the iPhone. What is the issue and how do I fix it? This used to work flawlessly with iTunes!

I then selected two Playlists to sync from the Mac, one of which included songs from the new CD. Both playlists transferred successfully. Clicking a playlist song from the new CD plays, even if in airplane mode, so the songs seem to be on the phone. However, they still don't show up in Artists or Albums.

In case it matters, I noticed that all songs in both playlists show up with a gray download icon, not sure what it means. Also, I don't have or want Apple Music, iTunes Match, nor iCloud subscriptions.

Thanks in advance.