I can’t delete apps

Delete apps on your iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch - Apple Support

M1 Mac mini, macOS 13.2.1; Watch, series 7 GPS/cellular, watchOS 9.3.1; iPad Pro 2nd Gen, iPadOS 16.3.1; iPhone 12 Pro, iOS 16.3.1; TV 4th Gen, tvOS 16.3.2; HomePods, audioOS 16.3.3 and Airport Express w/ Airplay 2

You don't see this?

Choosing Delete on that popup will delete it from your iPhone.

Choosing Remove from Homescreen keeps it in the Library.