Mac ventura camera and microphone not working

The original poster upgraded from Catalina straight to Ventura. That is not advised. Skipping OS versions means all your settings in the Libraries are carried over and then various things get converted to new file formats, data structures, etc. A million things could break in the process.

The fix for issues like this is to perform a full backup of your data. Then re-install macOS but doing so cleanly from scratch. That means erasing the internal disk and installing from a thumb drive on Intel based Macs. On Apple Silicon you can perform an Erase All Settings and Content like you do on an iPhone or iPad. Then restore you data.

On Intel Macs: Download Ventura so you have an "Install macOS Venture" icon in /Applications. Then follow these steps to burn a USB flash drive. Then you can hold the Option key while powering on and boot from the flash drive. Then you'll want to open Disk Utility and completely erase the internal SSD. Then install macOS Ventura. If you have a Time Machine backup there's an option to restore from the backup. If you have another type of backup you restore after you finish installing Ventura. You could also use the Migration Assistant to restore from a Time Machine disk or other backup of the drive such as from Carbon Copy Cloner.

WARNING: You cannot re-install macOS via flash boot drive on Apple Silicon Macs. At least not without risk. You could brick it completely and then you will need access to a second working Mac and a Thunderbolt data cable to use Apple Configurator to reload macOS on the broken Mac.

Open up Photo Booth and see if the camera is working, try recording video to test the microphone.

Check the Privacy settings in System Settings -> Privacy & Security -> Camera / Microphone and make sure the Apps you are attempting to use have been allowed to use the camera and microphone.

You skipped over macOS versions Big Sur and Monterey from Catalina straight to Ventura. Something may not have been properly converted over from the version of your configuration files on Catalina to Ventura. Try creating a user account to test. System Settings -> Users & Groups -> Add Account. Make it an administrator account and use a different username. Then click the  menu and Log Out and the Login with the new account. Test and see if that works.

I’m having the same issue and I’ve already reinstalled the OS. However, my camera works, but my internal iMac microphone is off like yours.

I think it’s a glitch in the software update. I’ve been looking for answers, but no avail.

Did you try creating a new user account and testing on the new account?