Mail: Accidentally activated a Rule to move items to trash but I don't see them in trash for recovery

I was messing around with rules in Mail when I accidentally activated this rule:

As you can tell, any should have been all. The weird part is that the emails are nowhere to be found in "All Trash":

However, when I open the "Get Account Info" window for my iCloud account, I see that there is a large number of emails in the trash:

But when I open the iCloud trash folder, I do not see these emails:

I'm not sure where these emails are now or how I can recover them. This is a relatively new Macbook, so I haven't yet setup Time Machine.