Why is my Outlook password not working on my Mac?

OS version Catalina 10.15.7. MacBook Pro 13-inch mid 2012

I have two Microsoft Outlook accounts, and the Mail (Internet Accounts) claims that my passwords are wrong. As the system gives me no clue, what I could do about it (terrible!), I used my Windows laptop to change the passwords to make sure that the passwords are right. From Mac I find no possibility to change passwords for Outlook. It was done and I was prompted to change my passwords in my iPhone, and it works without problem. The Mail (Internet Accounts rather) still insists that my passwords are wrong. The same is true with Outlook of MS Office on the same laptop.

In Internet Accounts, as my passwords are rejected, I clicked "Advanced" and a window appears with Hostneme: imap-mail.outlook.com, and below that Path Prefix. What can that be?

I would appreciate it very much, if somebody could help me.

[Re-Titled by Moderator]