I don't use Google for anything, but it took all of a couple second to come up with this answer:
https://support.google.com/accounts/thread/12574889/i-want-to-change-my-google-account-birth-date?hl=en
I have no reason to believe it's incorrect. That did not appear to stop people from asking the same question again, which happens even on this site with disturbing regularity.
The fact you were asked for a driver's license and credit card information (!) screams "scam" in the loudest imaginable voice. Your problems may have only just begun.
These were accepted, but when I try to sign on the age limit issue still blocks.
The likely reason is that you did not provide that information to Google. Instead, you divulged that information to criminals — information that has probably already been sold and is now in worldwide circulation.
Please familiarize yourself with Effective defenses against malware and other threats - Apple Community. Even though you were not actively sought out for that particular scam, Recognize and avoid social engineering schemes including phishing messages, phony support calls, and other scams - Apple Support is also worth reviewing.