Assuming you installed it internally and this is a Late-2013 model.....what SSD adapter did you use? The only SSD adapter which seems the most reliable & compatible is from Sintech. That is the only internal SSD adapter I have ever seen where people don't seem to mention any complaints here on this forum.
Also, not all SSDs are compatible with all devices. Plus the SSD manufacturers are no longer using the same internal components in their SSDs, so even if you have one SSD of a specific model, the next one may be using different internal components even though they have the exact same model number. That difference can mean one of those SSDs works great while the other has issues.
Plus many SSDs will slow down if you write a continuous stream of data for more than about 30-40 seconds is about when the internal write cache of some SSDs is filled. Once that occurs, the speeds can drop significantly.....sometimes for a long time before the SSD's maintenance routines are able to catch up & restore the SSD's performance.
Another possibility is you have some third party software installed that is interfering with the normal operation of macOS. Normal culprits are anti-virus software, cleaning/optimizer apps, and third party security software.
Yet another possibility is your workload exceeds the memory of your laptop.
Or perhaps a combination of some of these things.