Assuming that you have full functionality with other computers, this would suggest a problem with your network connection - leaving two potential possibilities:
1) Your iPad's network settings, or
2) Your WiFi Router [perhaps counterintuitively] is dropping or filtering broadcast traffic between your iPad and the RPi.
If you have a VPN App or profiles installed, or a security/AV/firewall App (such as Norton, McAfee or similar), these may be interfering with your iPad's network stack. If applicable, the resolution is usually simple; if installed, you may only need to disable or remove the Security App and/or VPN.
If some Apps are working as expected, while others are not - or other devices are working as expected - you may find that a restart of your WiFi Router, followed by a restart of your iPad will clear the problem….
To restart your router, disconnect power from the router for at least 30 seconds - then reconnect power to restart. After your router reboots (which may take several minutes), force restart your iPad:
Force restart iPad (models with Face ID or with Touch ID in the top button)
If your iPad doesn’t have the Home button, do the following:
- Press and quickly release the volume button nearest to the top button.
- Press and quickly release the volume button farthest from the top button.
- Press and hold the top button.
- When the Apple logo appears, release the top button.

If you continue to have difficulties, check to see if your iPad is using the WiFi Private Address feature. This feature is intended to provide additional privacy and security when using “public” (untrusted) WiFi networks.
Settings > WiFi > [Your WiFi Network / SSID] - tap the “i” icon - Private Address
The Private Address feature is largely unnecessary for your home WiFi network; if enabled, Private Addressing can cause issues if specific MAC addresses are expected by your WiFi Router. You may need to disable this feature - and can be enabled or disabled for each individual network.
Use private Wi-Fi addresses in iOS 14, iPadOS 14, and watchOS 7 - Apple Support
Also, check to see if your iPad is using Apple's Private Relay. If enabled, try disabling this feature:
Settings > [Your Name / Apple Account] > iCloud > [iCloud Features] Private Relay > Private Relay - set to OFF