It's unclear exactly what you are trying to do.
How are plugging it into your Mac?
Why are you then trying to "pair" it?
Pairing suggests "Bluetooth", but then why are you plugging it in? Bluetooth is wireless.
The iPhone 17 Pro, should be compatible with Ventura for syncing over USB cable for Photos. music files etc...in Finder, and the Photos app.
This does not require pairing of any type over bluetooth or any other connection beyond the cable.
No iPhone is or has ever been compatible for bluetooth pairing with any Mac directly except for personal Hotspot. But then you don't need a USB cable for that. Its one thing or the other, but not both.
What exactly are you trying to accomplish?
When you plug it in using its charging cable, the iPhone should appear in Finder under Locations.
You don't need to nor can you pair it over bluetooth.