Here is what I have discovered using Pages v14.4 and Keynote v14.4 with Word and Keynote v16.103.3.
I can create your equation in Pages and directly copy/paste it into Powerpoint with the equation surviving intact. Entering the same equation in Keynote's equation editor delivers an empty equation box when copy/pasting directly to PowerPoint.
I can copy/paste the Keynote equation into Powerpoint, but the paste operation must be Paste Special and choosing PDF for the equation insertion That preserves the original equation format. No Keynote equation survives export to and opening in PowerPoint.
You can enter this MathML equation syntax in the Keynote equation editor and it will export and open in PowerPoint, though the '=' alignment will be off with the equation in PowerPoint. So it would appear the only solution is to copy/Paste Special of the equation between Apple applications and Microsoft documents.
<math display="block">
<mfenced open="{" close="">
<mtable columnalign="right left">
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mi>x</mi>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>t(</mi>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>4)</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>2</mo>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>2y</mi>
<mo>2</mo>
</msup>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>4</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
</math>
