Why do I not get a vibration from a text how can I fix that?

That's it. You still need to have a sound selected to get a vibration. There is a silent text tone that you can purchase, or create if you feel so inclined and understand how to create your own tones, or use one of the quick and quiet ones.

What didn't work? Once you set a tone it didn't work?

Check Notifications>Messages and see if you have a Vibration set.

Do you get a vibration for any notification, or do you not get a vibration at all?

Do you have the iPhone paired to an Apple Watch? Do you get sounds for notifications? Do you have messages forwarded to a Mac computer and happen to be on the computer when this occurs?

You would only be paired to an Apple Watch if you own one. If you go to Settings>Sounds & Haptics, is Vibrate on Silent on?

Do you have your Text Tone set to None?