macOS Updates

First in order to make it easier for us to see your screenshots please read the following;

How to take a screenshot on your Mac 

(⌘⬆︎3) Command-Shift-3         Capture the screen to a file

(⌘⬆︎⌃3) Command-Shift-Control-3 Capture the screen to the Clipboard

(⌘⬆︎4) Command-Shift-4         Capture a selection to a file

(⌘⬆︎⌃4) Command-Shift-Control-4 Capture a selection to the Clipboard

(⌘⬆︎5) Command-Shift-5         Invoke new screen grabber

What system are your currently running?

What model year is your MBP?

Do you have at least 50 GB of free space on your boot drive?

If you're currently running Catalina or newer then try the following:

I've had better luck from the Safe Mode because I evidently have some 3rd party software that interferes with the installation so try the following:

#1 - boot into Safe Mode according to Start up your Mac in safe mode - Apple Support.

NOTE: Safe Mode boot can take up to 3-5 minutes as it's doing the following; 

• Verifies your startup disk and attempts to repair directory issues, if needed

• Loads only required kernel extensions (prevents 3rd party kernel/extensions from loading)

• Prevents Startup Items and Login Items from opening automatically

• Disables user-installed fonts 

• Deletes font caches, kernel cache, and other system cache files

#2 - go to the System/Software Update preference pane and begin the download.

#3 - run the installer from the Safe Mode.

It doesn't look like the same error, but did you replace the SSD in that Mac with a non-Apple drive? Seems there is a firmware update that must happen and it doesn't work with non-Apple SSDs.