OS upgrade

The Age of this computer will Govern what newer version of macOS it will Qualify to install. Use About this Mac from the Apple Icon on Desktop - the required Information will be there.

With the above information in-hand - follow this How to get old versions of macOS and verify what version this computer Qualifies to install.  For Best results use Safari to commence the download as Others may not work.

Safari will open a redirect and open the Apple Store where the download can commence

macOS High Sierra - Technical Specifications and this version of macOS is a high as this computer can upgrade to.

Make Time Machine Backup  is very useful and can be used to Revert to Previous Working macOS

Are there any AntiVirus, Disk Cleaner, Optimizers, Un-installers, etc installed which should be removed as per Developers Instructions. They are useless, unneeded, cause havoc and interfere with the normal  operation of the OS and may even Corrupt the OS requiring a Reinstallation

You should upgrade to high sierra as it supports a macbook like yours

here is the link to it for download

https://apps.apple.com/us/app/macos-high-sierra/id1246284741?mt=12