How find out connected wifi password in iphone

You have to log into the router to find out the name of the Wi-Fi network name.

See this Apple article: If you need help with your Wi‑Fi password

If you need help with your Wi‑Fi password - Apple Support

If Keychain is used there is a chance that it is also mentioned there.

Set up iCloud Keychain

Set up iCloud Keychain - Apple Support

FWIW my Keychain does not save my Wi-Fi passwords, maybe I am doing it wrong.

Also some router admin menus show the password as asterisks

Reading the label on the back of the router is a possibility if it has not been changed. though that is mentioned in your link.

You cannot find out the password by looking at the connection in settings.