How to retrieve contacts on my iPhone?

Unlike some Android devices, contacts are neither stored locally on an iPhone nor in SIM. They are synced to an email account that you had Google, iCloud, AOL, Exchange, Outlook, Yahoo or any Other

If Contacts on iCloud, try this --> Restore contacts, calendars, bookmarks, and more using ...

Else Add the email account that stores your contacts in the IOS mail app and enable Contacts.If you have a corporate email account added through a profile on your device, please check with your organisation's system administrator.

Well, we don’t know where your contacts might have been housed.

So here’s a guess.

If you accidentally deleted your calendars, bookmarks, or contacts from iCloud - Apple Support