Will deleting iPhone 13 backup from iCloud affect storage on my new iPhone 16 Plus?

"Storages: I have iPhone 13 earlier and everything is backed up in iCloud and now bought 16 plus. I transferred my data from 13 to 16 plus. Whenever I check the iCloud I can see two iPhones are backed up with 23gb and 34gb. If I delete the old iPhone 13 backup from iCloud. Will it affect the storage on current device? Also if I brought new phone on future , data including 13 and16 plus will transferred to iPhone ?"

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Safely Transferring to a New iPhone:

If you trash the backup, all would be lost. So, back it up.

Two Methods - Quick Start or iCloud:

Use Quick Start:

When transferring to a new iPhone, Quick Start what to use here. Either way, I recommend you restore your new iPhone to factory settings, and then perform this once more, using Quick Start: Use Quick Start to transfer data to a new iPhone or iPad - Apple Support

Sync Through iCloud:

Sign in to the same iCud Account on both devices. Then enable items (i.e. Photos) in iCloud on both phone. All pertaining items will be accessible between the two devices. As an example, here is how to go about this for Contacts:

On Both iPhones...

1. Go to: Settings
2. Tap: Your Name (Top Item)
3. Tap: iCloud
4. Tap: Contacts
5. Enable: iCloud Contacts

"The thing is if i delete the backed up data from my iCloud plus storage, will data removed from my device as well ? Or will the data is same but removed from iCloud plus?"

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Data Removal From Deleting Items:

If not downloaded to a device, then it will become inaccessible. Looking in the Photos app, when you look at the Photos, if there is a cloud with an arrow on it, then it is in iCloud Photos, and you would not lose it, if your remove the download; it will stay in Photos.